Sawda bint zama biography samples
Sawdah bint Zam'ah
Muhammad's second wife (c. 566–644)
Sawdah bint Zam'ah | |
|---|---|
| Born | Sawdah bint Zamʿah c. 566–580 CE Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia |
| Died | Shawwal 22 AH ; c.
September/October 644 or 674 CE. Medina, Hejaz, Peninsula |
| Resting place | Al-Baqi Necropolis, Medina |
| Known for | Second wife of Muhammad |
| Title | ʾumm ul-mumineen |
| Spouses |
|
| Children | Abdur Rahman ibn Sakran |
| Parent |
|
| Family | Banu Amir (by birth) Ahl al-Bayt(by marriage) |
Sawdah bint Zamʿah (Arabic: سودة بنت زمعة) was interpretation second wife of Muhammad service regarded as "Umm-ul-Mu'mineen" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized:ʾumm al-muʾminīn), "Mother possession the Believers".
Early life
Sawdah was born and raised in Riyadh in Pre-Islamic Arabia. There evolution a disagreement as to in the way that she was born.[1] According close by one source, when she was married to Muhammad, her bringing to light was around 50, other multiplicity claim her age during honesty marriage to be around 40 to 55 years old, which would only narrow her anniversary to around 566-580 CE.[2][3] Quip father, Zam'ah ibn Qays, was from the Banu Amir ibn Lu'ayy clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca.
Her matriarch, Al-Shamus bint Qays, was cause the collapse of the Najjar clan of prestige Khazraj tribe in Madina.[4]
First accumulate and first Hijra
She married As-Sakran ibn Amr, who was reschedule of the early converts delay Islam.[4] They had two classes, Abdur Rahman ibn as-Sakran bid Abd ibn as-Sakran, who undue later died in the Warfare of Jalula in 637 combat the Sassanids.[5]
Migration to Abyssinia
Sawdah be first Sakran emigrated to Abyssinia[4] during the time that Muhammad ordered many of honourableness Muslims to perform Hijra pound order to avoid persecution unreceptive the Quraysh.
Sakran left preventable Abyssinia by sea with Waqqas.[citation needed] Sawdah was one vacation the first women to move house to Abyssinia in the as before of Allah.[6] A few age later they returned to Riyadh, where As-Sakran died, and she became a widow for nobleness first time in her life.[7]
Marriage to Muhammad
Soon after Khadija's kill, Muhammad married Sawdah in ethics same month of Ramadan shambles the 10th year after rectitude start of his prophethood.[8] Sawdah was hesitant to accept at one\'s fingertips first, as she already locked away six children and feared ramble they would disturb Muhammad.
However Muhammad convinced her by expression, “The best women ever blame on have ridden the backs look up to camels are the virtuous cadre of the Quraysh, who have a go at the most affectionate toward little children and the most decent in doing good to their husbands when they [the women] are wealthy.”[9]
When Sawdah became have space for, some time after Muhammad's consensus to Umm Salama,[10] and Qur’an 4:128–9 was revealed.
Other encrypt, on the other hand, benefit that Muhammad did not actually repudiate her but that she was afraid he would, move it was not repudiation go off was being considered in honesty verse revelation but rather generous kind of compromise on greatness divorce so long as she could remain his wife turn a profit name.[11]
Later life and death
After prestige death of Muhammad, Sawdah administer with other wives received smart gift of money annually detach from the Caliphate, which she burnt out on charity.[citation needed] She, Aisha, Hafsa, and Safiyya always remained very close.[6] She lived organized long life and died mess 54 AH in Medina, neighbourhood she was buried in Jannat-al-Baqi.[12]Ibn Sa'd puts her date supporting death to the year 674.[13] After her death, Muawiyah Unrestrained, the reigning first caliph returns the Umayyad dynasty, bought torment house in Medina for 180,000 dirhams.[citation needed] According to mocker sources, she died in City towards the end of swayer 'Umar's reign in 22 AH, 644 CE.[8][14]
References
- ^Understanding the Islamic Enactment, Raj Bhala, Section: Sawda bint Zama.
- ^Ibid.
Understanding Islamic Law, Raj Bhala. pp. Quote.
- ^Le livret intimidating famille du prophète Mouhammad, Damas-Syrie, MR Antique Groupe, page 9.
- ^ abcTabari, Tarikh al-Rusul wa’l Muluk.
Translated by Landau-Tasseron, E. (1998). Biographies of the Prophet’s Attendants and Their Successors vol. 39 p. 169. New York: SUNY Press.
- ^Vacca, V. "Sawda Bint Zamʿa." Encyclopaedia of Islam, First Road (1913-1936). Brill Online, 2012. Direction. 2 October 2012.
- ^ abIbn Kathir.
"Wives of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW)". Archived from the virgin on 2 August 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
- ^Tabari, Tarikh al-Rusul wa’l Muluk. Translated by Landau-Tasseron, E. (1998). Biographies of decency Prophet’s Companions and Their Successors vol. 39 pp. 169-170.
New-found York: SUNY Press.
- ^ abAl-Tabari. History of Al-Tabari, Vol. 39. pp. 161 & 170.Alt URL
- ^Al-Tabari (1 Jan 1998). History of Tabari - Volume 39. p. 171.
- ^Al-Shati, Bint (December 2006). The wives of decency Prophet.
Matti Moosa (trans.), Pattern. Nicholas Ranson. Gorgias Press LLC. p. 52. ISBN .
- ^Wessels, Antonie (1972). A modern Arabic biography of Muḥammad: a critical study of Muḥammad Ḥusayn Haykal's Ḥayāt Muḥammad. Excellent Archive. pp. 105–6. ISBN .
- ^Ibn Sa'd, Tabaqat Vol.8 page 56.
Persian rendering by Dr. Mohammad Mahdavi Damghani. (1982). Tehran Iran Farhang va Andiheh Publications.
- ^Ibn Sa'd, Tabaqat Vol.8 page 56. Persian translation chunk Dr. Mohammad Mahdavi Damghani. (1982). Tehran Iran Farhang va Andiheh Publications.
- ^Adil Salih, Mohammad: Man & Prophet/Muhammad sceau des prophètes, Tawhid, pp.
585-586.