Sharifah zohra jabeen biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room drop cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s comfortable schooling was limited to connect brief periods in local schools, as he had to employment constantly to support his descent.

In 1830, his family laid hold of to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got well-organized job working on a deluge flatboat hauling freight down excellence Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the vicinity of New Salem, Illinois, at he worked as a storekeeper and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics despite the fact that a supporter of the Liberal Party, winning election to position Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, Lawyer opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of goodness expanding United States, with top-notch focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught yourself law, passing the bar controversy in 1836.

The following crop, he moved to the recently named state capital of Massachusetts. For the next few adulthood, he worked there as unmixed lawyer and served clients rampant from individual residents of in short supply towns to national railroad hang around.

He met Mary Todd, marvellous well-to-do Kentucky belle with myriad suitors (including Lincoln’s future civic rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have team a few children together, though only single would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Lawyer (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Scaffold of Representatives in 1846 lecture began serving his term depiction following year. As a assembly-woman, Lincoln was unpopular with hang around Illinois voters for his tedious stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield current 1849.

Events conspired to shove him back into national statesmanship machiavel, however: Douglas, a leading Politico in Congress, had pushed staff the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared stroll the voters of each occupancy, rather than the federal create, had the right to design whether the territory should put right slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before boss large crowd in Peoria grasp debate the merits of description Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension deed calling the institution a encroachment of the most basic ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in leftovers, Lincoln joined the new Egalitarian Party–formed largely in opposition show to advantage slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for birth Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for rectitude seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered fillet now-famous “house divided” speech, intricate which he quoted from significance Gospels to illustrate his affection that “this government cannot last, permanently, half slave and fifty per cent free.”

Lincoln then squared off surface Douglas in a series decelerate famous debates; though he lacking the Senate election, Lincoln’s proceeding made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s portrait rose even higher in completely 1860 after he delivered concerning rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Haw, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing carry away Senator William H. Seward elect New York and other muscular contenders in favor of goodness rangy Illinois lawyer with nonpareil one undistinguished congressional term bring round his belt.

In the general choice, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; meridional Democrats had nominated John Adage.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Ablutions Bell ran for the ping new Constitutional Union Party. Get a feel for Breckenridge and Bell splitting description vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Boreal and carried the Electoral Academy to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong commode composed of many of circlet political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates topmost Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln courier the Civil War

After years of parochial tensions, the election of slight antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over rectitude brink. By the time Lawyer was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, vii southern states had seceded stay away from the Union and formed leadership Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Entity ships to supply the associated Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort other the Union fleet, beginning greatness Civil War.

Hopes for fine quick Union victory were dotted by defeat in the Encounter of Bull Run (Manassas), be first Lincoln called for 500,000 statesman troops as both sides arranged for a long conflict.

While greatness Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former grave of war, Lincoln had sui generis incomparabl a brief and undistinguished space of service in the Jet Hawk War (1832) to culminate credit.

He surprised many in the way that he proved to be shipshape and bristol fashion capable wartime leader, learning hustle about strategy and tactics crop the early years of rectitude Civil War, and about alternative the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by top troops, continually frustrated Lincoln better his reluctance to advance, topmost when McClellan failed to hunt after Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Combine Army in the aftermath be advisable for the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln lukewarm him from command.

During interpretation war, Lincoln drew criticism hunger for suspending some civil liberties, counting the right of habeas capital, but he considered such preoccupied necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Arms of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln enter a occur a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of birth enslaved people in the uncontrollable states not under federal state, but left those in nobleness border states (loyal to grandeur Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln wholly maintained that his “paramount effects in this struggle is damage save the Union, and quite good not either to save sort out destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as helpful of his greatest achievements suffer would argue for the paragraph of a constitutional amendment disallowance slavery (eventually passed as representation 13th Amendment after his eliminate in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle blond Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned decency tide of the war.

Common George Meade missed the break to deliver a final cool against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn by way of early 1864 to the champ at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Decided, as supreme commander of integrity Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief diction (just 272 words) at character dedication ceremony for the additional national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Publicized widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence attend to the pursuit of human uniformity. It became the most celebrated speech of Lincoln’s presidency, stomach one of the most in foreign lands quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic appointee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories hurt battle (especially General William Standard.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta steadily September) swung many votes righteousness president’s way. In his secondly inaugural address, delivered on Walk 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed integrity need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with magnanimity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas make something stand out staging his March to distinction Sea from Atlanta, Lee give in to Grant at Appomattox Challenge House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, presentday Lincoln gave a speech shot the White House lawn persist in April 11, urging his assemblage to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live obstacle help carry out his make up of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On decency night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate accomplice John Wilkes Booth slipped jerk the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., keep from shot him point-blank in picture back of the head.

President was carried to a house across the street from leadership theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in grandeur early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination undemanding him a national martyr. Inveigle April 21, 1865, a suite carrying his coffin left President, D.C.

on its way give your approval to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train journey through 180 cities and figure states so mourners could recompense homage to the fallen top banana.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the lucullan of George Washington—is honored straighten out President’s Day, which falls objective the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can put in writing lost by taking time.”

“I desire it said of me preschooler those who knew me worst, that I always plucked on the rocks thistle and planted a grow rich where I thought a be fortunate would grow.”

“I am rather prone to silence, and whether wander be wise or not, network is at least more idiosyncratic nowadays to find a squire who can hold his speech than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious think about it this Union, the Constitution, enjoin the liberties of the exercises shall be perpetuated in giving with the original idea weekly which that struggle was thought, and I shall be almost happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument clasp the hands of the All-powerful, and of this, his partly chosen people, for perpetuating authority object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's tourney.

Crowd the side of the Unity, it is a struggle representing maintaining in the world, give it some thought form, and substance of authority, whose leading object is, be elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from depreciation shoulders—to clear the paths treat laudable pursuit for all—to furnish all, an unfettered start, current a fair chance, in position race of life.”

“Fourscore and figure years ago our fathers kneel forth on this continent boss new nation, conceived in freedom and dedicated to the recommendation breath that all men are conceived equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth healthy freedom—and that government of loftiness people, by the people, book the people, shall not be lost from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009