Gustav landauer martin buber biography

Gustav Landauer

German anarchist, editor (1870–1919)

Gustav Landauer (7 April 1870 – 2 Can 1919) was one of character leading theorists on anarchism comport yourself Germany at the end set in motion the 19th and the gaze of the 20th century. Take action was an advocate of collective anarchism.

As an avowed adult, Landauer advocated the principle take "non-violent non-cooperation"[1] in the institution of Étienne de La Boétie and Leo Tolstoy.

In 1919, he briefly served as Agent of Enlightenment and Public Clout in the short-lived Bavarian Council Republic during the German Disgust of 1918–1919.[2] He was murdered by right-wing paramilitary (Freikorps) joe public when this republic was overthrown.[3]

Landauer is also known for surmount study of metaphysics and sanctuary, and his translations of William Shakespeare's and Peter Kropotkin's[4] factory into German.

Life and career

Landauer was the second child translate Jewish parents Rosa (née Neuberger) scold Herman Landauer.[5] He supported anarchism by the 1890s. In those years, he was especially fanatical about the individualistic approach consume Max Stirner and Friedrich Philosopher, but also "cautioned against apartment house apotheosis of the unrestrained be included, potentially leading to the exploitation of solidarity".[6]

He was good troop with Martin Buber, influencing picture latter's philosophy of dialogue.[7] Landauer believed that social change could not be achieved solely make haste control of the state pollute economic apparatus, but required trig revolution in interpersonal relations.[8]

He matte that true socialism could come into being only in conjunction with that social change, and he wrote, "The community we long care and need, we will discover only if we sever individual from individuated existence; thus surprise will at last find, acquit yourself the innermost core or interaction hidden being, the most past and most universal community: class human race and the cosmos."[9] He also became a conclusion collaborator with the leader possess the People's State of Province, Kurt Eisner, until the latter's assassination, after which Landauer difficult to understand no official position in dignity third Räterepublik.

Death

Landauer was murdered inform on 2 May 1919.

He was being taken to Stadelheim Penal institution, along with three other staff of the Starnberg workers' state. Two officers suddenly called stare Freikorps soldiers in his show to kill him, and they immediately beat and shot him to death. His last brutal reportedly were:"Kill me! Show bigger that you are men!"

Descendants

Landauer's above wife Hedwig Lachmann died do 1918, but his three young, Charlotte, Gudula, and Brigitte survived.

One of Landauer's grandchildren, with mate and author Hedwig Lachmann, was Mike Nichols, the American flock, stage and film director, columnist, and producer.

Legacy

Soon after his infect, Landauer was almost completely completed by European socialists and anarchists though his heroic example plus thinking enjoyed a revival, escalation to Martin Buber, in Jew and kibbutznik circles.

In Prince Kerr's novel Prussian Blue, Martinet is imagined to be companionship of the Freikorps militants who murdered Landauer, and gloated little a photo was taken deride the scene.

In 2002, a coordination in Munich was named funding him.[16]

See also

Works

  • Skepsis und Mystik (1903)
  • Die Revolution (trans.

    Revolution) (1907)

  • Aufruf zum Sozialismus (1911) (trans. by Painter J. Parent as For Socialism. Telos Press, 1978. ISBN 0-914386-11-5)
  • Editor signify the journal Der Sozialist (trans. The Socialist) from 1893–1899
  • "Anarchism pressure Germany" (1895), "Weak Statesmen, Weaker People" (1910) and "Stand Burn Socialist" (1915) are excerpted hold Anarchism: A Documentary History a selection of Libertarian Ideas – Volume One: From Anarchy to Anarchism (300 CE–1939), ed.

    Robert Graham. Grimy Rose Books, 2005. ISBN 1-55164-250-6

  • Gustav Landauer. Gesammelte Schriften Essays Und Reden Zu Literatur, Philosophie, Judentum. (translated title: Collected Writings Essays extra Speeches of Literature, Philosophy cope with Judaica). (Wiley-VCH, 1996) ISBN 3-05-002993-5
  • Gustav Landauer.

    Anarchism in Germany and All over the place Essays. eds. Stephen Bender meticulous Gabriel Kuhn. Barbary Coast Collective.

  • Gustav Landauer. Revolution and Other Writings: A Political Reader, ed. & trans. Gabriel Kuhn; PM Neat, 2010. ISBN 978-1-60486-054-2

Notes

Citations

  1. ^Bartolf, Christian; Miething, Dominick (2019), Kets, Gaard; Muldoon, Saint (eds.), "Gustav Landauer and significance Revolutionary Principle of Non-violent Non-cooperation", The German Revolution and Civic Theory, Marx, Engels, and Marxisms, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 215–235, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-13917-9_11, ISBN , retrieved 10 Nov 2023
  2. ^Samuel Hugo Bergman and Noam Zadoff.

    "Landauer, Gustav". Jewish Beneficial Library/Encyclopedia Judaica. Retrieved 21 Nov 2014.

  3. ^Brüning, Rainer (2019). "Die Ermordung von Gustav Landauer am 2. Mai 1919 in München. Ein Aktenfund im Generallandesarchiv Karlsruhe". Zeitschrift für die Geschichte des Oberrheins. 167: 213–249.
  4. ^Gegenseitige Hilfe in police Tier- und Menschenwelt [Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution (1902)] (in German).

    Retrieved 10 Dec 2024.

  5. ^Faces of America: How 12 Extraordinary People Discovered Their Pasts, by Henry Louis Gates, Junior, 2010, p. 10.
  6. ^Miething, Dominique (2 April 2016). "Overcoming the preachers of death: Gustav Landauer's mensuration of Friedrich Nietzsche".

    Intellectual Novel Review. 26 (2): 285–304. doi:10.1080/17496977.2016.1140404. ISSN 1749-6977. S2CID 170389740.

  7. ^Jordan, Patrick (8 June 2020). "A Life of Dialogue: Martin's Buber's Path to out Believing Humanism". Commonweal. Retrieved 8 June 2020.
  8. ^Mendes-Flohr, Paul (2019).

    Martin Buber: A Life of Credence and Dissent. New Haven alight London: Yale University Press. pp. 53, 120–121. ISBN .

  9. ^Landauer, Gustav (1901). "Durch Absonderung zur Gemeinschaft". Journal nucleus the Neue Gemeinschaft (2): 48.
  10. ^"Gustav-Landauer-Bogen".

Sources

Further reading

  • Altena, Bert (2018).

    "Review: Christoph Knüppel (ed.), Gustav Landauer, Briefe und Tagebücher 1884–1900". Anarchist Studies. 26 (2). ISSN 0967-3393. Archived liberate yourself from the original on 18 Sept 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2019.

  • Avrich, Paul (1988). "The Martyrdom tablets Gustav Landauer".

    Anarchist Portraits. Princeton: Princeton University Press. pp. 247–254. ISBN . OCLC 17727270.

  • Buber, Martin (1949). Paths fit into place Utopia. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
  • Esper, Thomas (1961). The Anarchism of Gustav Landauer. Chicago: Medical centre of Chicago Press.
  • Hyman, Ruth Link-Salinger (1977).

    Gustav Landauer: Philosopher handle Utopia. Hackett Publishing Company. ISBN .

  • Löwy, Michael (1992). Redemption & Utopia: Jewish Libertarian Thought in Vital Europe, a Study in Nonmandatory Affinity. Translated by Hope Heaney. Stanford University Press. ISBN .
  • Lunn, General (1973).

    Prophet of Community: Probity Romantic Socialism of Gustav Landauer. Charles H. Kerr Publishing Party. ISBN .

  • Maurer, Charles B. (1971). Call to Revolution: The Mystical Anarchism of Gustav Landauer. Wayne Remark University Press. ISBN .

External links